Greetings and farewells are essential elements of everyday communication, serving as the foundation for interactions with others. Whether you’re meeting someone for the first time, catching up with a friend, or saying goodbye, knowing the appropriate phrases to use can help establish rapport and convey respect. Here’s a comprehensive guide on common greetings and farewells in everyday English conversations:

1. Greetings: Greetings are used to acknowledge and welcome someone:
   • “Hello! How are you?”
   • “Hi there! How’s your day going?”
   • “Good morning/afternoon/evening! It’s great to see you.”
2. Responses to Greetings: Responding to a greeting shows politeness and engagement:
   • “Hi! I’m doing well, thank you. How about yourself?”
   • “Hello! My day is going fine. How about yours?”
   • “Good morning/afternoon/evening! I’m doing great, thanks for asking.”
3. Informal Greetings: Informal greetings are used among friends or in casual settings:
   • “Hey! What’s up?”
   • “Yo! Long time no see.”
   • “Hiya! How have you been?”
4. Formal Greetings: Formal greetings are used in professional or formal situations:
   • “Good day! How may I assist you?”
   • “Good afternoon! It’s a pleasure to meet you.”
   • “Hello, sir/madam. How are you today?”
5. Farewells: Farewells are used to say goodbye or bid someone farewell:
   • “Goodbye! Take care.”
   • “See you later! Have a great day.”
   • “Bye for now! Until we meet again.”
6. Informal Farewells: Informal farewells are used among friends or in casual settings:
   • “Catch you later! Cheers!”
   • “Later! Don’t be a stranger.”
   • “See ya! Take it easy.”
7. Formal Farewells: Formal farewells are used in professional or formal situations:
   • “Goodbye! It was a pleasure meeting you.”
   • “Farewell! Thank you for your time.”
   • “Until next time! Have a safe journey.”
8. Expressions of Well-wishes: Expressing well-wishes adds warmth and sincerity to farewells:
   • “Take care of yourself!”
   • “Have a good one!”
   • “Wishing you all the best!”
9. Parting Expressions: Parting expressions can be used to express gratitude or appreciation before saying goodbye:
   • “Thanks for the chat! It was nice catching up.”
   • “I appreciate your time. Let’s do this again soon.”
   • “Thanks for everything! Until next time.”

Sample Conversation: A: “Hi there! How are you?” B: “Hey! I’m doing well, thanks. How about you?” A: “I’m good, thanks for asking. It’s been a while since we last met!” B: “Yeah, it has! Well, I’ve got to run. Catch you later!” A: “Sure thing! Take care!”

By incorporating these common greetings and farewells into your everyday conversations, you can effectively engage with others and leave a positive impression. Remember to tailor your greetings and farewells based on the context and relationship with the person you’re interacting with, and always be genuine in your interactions.